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Assoc.Prof. LE VAN THO
Technical Advisor of BIO-PHARMACHEMIE Joint-Venture Company
Technical Advisor of BIO-PHARMACHEMIE Joint-Venture Company
[Contents of this article was published in the journal SCIENCE & LIFE No. 30 (2864), Saturday (9-3-2013)]
Information about the use of anesthetics in fish, pig and cattle ... has led many consumers to worry. The scientific analysis in the following article by Assoc.Prof. Le Van Tho, will help readers have a beter understanding about this issue.
FISH ANESTHESIA
Because some species of fish are very active, while being captivity they often struggle and cause injury to themselves and their neighbor. The injury fishes would be difficult to survive long, even death, causing damage to business especially the breeds have high economic value. Therefore, the anesthesia will help avoid risks that often occur during transport.
To anesthetize fisheries, people often release the drug in water to soak, then let fishes, or shrimps that require anesthesia in. Must note not to feed the fishes about 12-24 hours before anesthesia to ensure that digestive organs of fish is hollow, prevent regurgitation of food which make fishes tired or dead.
ANESTHETIC ALLOWED TO USED
The ideal anesthetic using in aquaculture have to meet the requirements such as being non-toxic to aquatic and consumers, environmentally safe, rapid anesthesia effect. Anesthetic have to be metabolized or excreted fast, decay time short, leaving no residue or negligible residues in the tissues of the body.
Based on the criterias above, the US and European countries currenly allow to use only Tricaine methanesulfonate drugs (other names are Metacaine, Tricaine, MS-222, Finquel, TMS) to anesthetize fish used as food for humans. This is the most widely used anesthetic in the world which has high safety for many species of fish and shrimp.
Anesthetic effect after the process would be disintergrate, and discharged into the environment through the respiration of fish. When the fish were put into a new clean water environment, anesthetics are all cleared, the fish will gradually return to normal.
There are also some other drugs used in aquaculture, but only for use in ornamental fishes, such as Aquacalm which is the trade name of Metomidate hydrochloride, or Transmore ... These drugs are popular used and widely sold in the ornamental fishes trade places around Ho Chi Minh city to anesthetize fish during transport or used in removal of the tail for the Arowana surgery. These drugs are not allowed in fish used as food for people.
NOT RECOMMENDED FOR MARKET HOGS
For livestock the sedative often used is Stresnil, the main active ingredient is azaperone. It is often used in transport breeding stock to prevent large variety of death or injury during transport. Intramuscular dose is 1,6mg / kg body weight (1 ml / 25 kg body weight). A few minutes after injection the pigs will lie down on the car floor. So the floor must be large enough and ventilated well to increased safety.
To transport the market hogs, dosages must be lighter to reduce the amount of drug residues in the products, only 1 ml / pig. When transported to the place let the pigs break in a well ventilated barn and 24 hours later the pigs will be slaughtered for human food.
In recent years, only high economic value breeding stocks that require less transport would use Stresnil to ensure the pigs have no injuries, foot pain, footsore during transport to sell to large farms. And should not be used in market hogs, but the most effective way of transport is to transport at night when the weather is fresh, not feed the pigs full, however should give the pigs a drink with BIO-VITAMIN C 10% to increase the resistance and reduce stress for pigs. Because vitamin C is soluble in water, so it will be excreted out of the body quickly and leave no residues in meat.
In summary, if people use the right type, in right object and in accordance with the recommendation of drug withdrawal period before slaughter then some sedative and anesthetic medications are safe for consumers. Conversely, if people intentionally use the drug in wrong subjects (sedatives to use in ornamental fishes was used for fish as food) or don’t compliance with the time when stop the medication then the residues of drugs are still remain.
Information about the use of anesthetics in fish, pig and cattle ... has led many consumers to worry. The scientific analysis in the following article by Assoc.Prof. Le Van Tho, will help readers have a beter understanding about this issue.
FISH ANESTHESIA
Because some species of fish are very active, while being captivity they often struggle and cause injury to themselves and their neighbor. The injury fishes would be difficult to survive long, even death, causing damage to business especially the breeds have high economic value. Therefore, the anesthesia will help avoid risks that often occur during transport.
To anesthetize fisheries, people often release the drug in water to soak, then let fishes, or shrimps that require anesthesia in. Must note not to feed the fishes about 12-24 hours before anesthesia to ensure that digestive organs of fish is hollow, prevent regurgitation of food which make fishes tired or dead.
ANESTHETIC ALLOWED TO USED
The ideal anesthetic using in aquaculture have to meet the requirements such as being non-toxic to aquatic and consumers, environmentally safe, rapid anesthesia effect. Anesthetic have to be metabolized or excreted fast, decay time short, leaving no residue or negligible residues in the tissues of the body.
Based on the criterias above, the US and European countries currenly allow to use only Tricaine methanesulfonate drugs (other names are Metacaine, Tricaine, MS-222, Finquel, TMS) to anesthetize fish used as food for humans. This is the most widely used anesthetic in the world which has high safety for many species of fish and shrimp.
Anesthetic effect after the process would be disintergrate, and discharged into the environment through the respiration of fish. When the fish were put into a new clean water environment, anesthetics are all cleared, the fish will gradually return to normal.
There are also some other drugs used in aquaculture, but only for use in ornamental fishes, such as Aquacalm which is the trade name of Metomidate hydrochloride, or Transmore ... These drugs are popular used and widely sold in the ornamental fishes trade places around Ho Chi Minh city to anesthetize fish during transport or used in removal of the tail for the Arowana surgery. These drugs are not allowed in fish used as food for people.
NOT RECOMMENDED FOR MARKET HOGS
For livestock the sedative often used is Stresnil, the main active ingredient is azaperone. It is often used in transport breeding stock to prevent large variety of death or injury during transport. Intramuscular dose is 1,6mg / kg body weight (1 ml / 25 kg body weight). A few minutes after injection the pigs will lie down on the car floor. So the floor must be large enough and ventilated well to increased safety.
To transport the market hogs, dosages must be lighter to reduce the amount of drug residues in the products, only 1 ml / pig. When transported to the place let the pigs break in a well ventilated barn and 24 hours later the pigs will be slaughtered for human food.
In recent years, only high economic value breeding stocks that require less transport would use Stresnil to ensure the pigs have no injuries, foot pain, footsore during transport to sell to large farms. And should not be used in market hogs, but the most effective way of transport is to transport at night when the weather is fresh, not feed the pigs full, however should give the pigs a drink with BIO-VITAMIN C 10% to increase the resistance and reduce stress for pigs. Because vitamin C is soluble in water, so it will be excreted out of the body quickly and leave no residues in meat.
In summary, if people use the right type, in right object and in accordance with the recommendation of drug withdrawal period before slaughter then some sedative and anesthetic medications are safe for consumers. Conversely, if people intentionally use the drug in wrong subjects (sedatives to use in ornamental fishes was used for fish as food) or don’t compliance with the time when stop the medication then the residues of drugs are still remain.
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